THE SOUTHWORTH PLANETARIUM
207-780-4249       www.usm.maine.edu/planet
70 Falmouth Street  Portland, Maine 04103
43.6667° N                   70.2667° W
Founded January 1970
           "Happiness: a freshly fallen shroud of snow, a brisk polar gale. the scintillations of pristine ice crystallizing on a cooling lake, all the majesty of winter...coming soon to the Southern Hemisphere. ha ha!"


THE DAILY ASTRONOMER
Tuesday, June 14, 2016
Ricochet


Hello!
I hope you don't mind, but I am too tired to write anything today, so I wanted instead just to talk to you.  I assure you that I will not wax philosophical, disclose any personal problems, or attempt to persuade you to alter a political opinion.   Simply, this is a good day to put away the computer and just speak.

Yesterday, we posted yet another Pandora article.   One subscriber recently suggested that we rename this silly service the "Daily Pandora."  (Will consider that idea.)  We've gone to Pandora's Jar so often because we have been inundated with questions and are all the happier for the deluge.     I have found that the answer to one question often elicits many other questions, which, in turn, generate others, so that what began as a single inquiry blossoms dendritically into a series of questions.       Every so often, however, one question ruptures the levee and we are submerged in the unabated outflow.

Case in point:   Yesterday's bullet question.  The question read: 
"Is it true that if you fire a bullet at the same moment that you drop a bullet from the same height, they will hit the ground at the same time?"

I hastily wrote the answer (or a cursory version of an answer) as I saw that noon had already passed and so in a flurry completed and posted the DA.  About half an hour later (after lunching with the ambassador) I opened the e-mail account and noticed that the DA has generated fifteen responses!     This is generally about fifteen more than usual.  
My first reaction was abject horror and profound shame.    Remember those moments as a child when, let's say, you were playing left field in a baseball game and while you wondered if the dryads in the nearby forest ever assumed their natural form without moonlight, the ball landed an inch in front of you and as you stood oblivious to it, the opposing team drove in three runs and won the game that you're team would have won had the ball well, been moved from its landing site.    And, then, when the banshee shouts of about three billions of Earth's inhabitants awakened you from your reverie, you found yourself in the focal point of wrath powerful enough to flip over Madagascar? 

Well, I experienced a similar feeling yesterday as I assumed the fifteen responses were reproaches for posting a bullet question so soon after that despicable event in Orlando*  But, no.  Instead, some subscribers were disputing the answer and offering their own.  

The problem with the question pertains to something that was left out.    If a bullet is dropped from the same height as a bullet that is fired HORIZONTALLY from a gun, they will land at the same time.    I neglected to include that small, but immensely important, qualification.   If a bullet is fired up an at angle, it will land after the dropped bullet.  Conversely, if a bullet is fired down at an angle, it will land before the dropped bullet. 

Also, someone told me that they would have answered the question differently, because the question also assumes that the bullet is fired on a flat Earth.  The times would not be equal on an planet where the acceleration is radial.    This statement is quite true and insightful.

Someone else did remark that I did likely intend to say the gun was fired horizontally, but added that holding anything horizontal is almost impossible.   In this messy, non linear world, it would invariably be held at a slight angle.   

However, if we can pretend that we live in a physics text book where everything can be situated for our convenience, a bullet fired horizontally would strike the ground at the same time as a bullet dropped from the same height at the same moment because the downward pull of gravity is acting equally on both bullets.    The fired bullet would travel farther horizontally, of course, but the two objects fall from the same height and descend at the same rate.   

I hope this talk has help clarify matters.  I apologize for my tendency to omit important details.     And, I also apologize for not writing an article today.  The weather is becoming increasingly more gorgeous and I decided to be a lazy cad.  I promise to be more responsible tomorrow. 



*If anybody was offended, I do apologize.    You see, I used to rely on the late Shadow Professor to advise me whenever I would wonder if an article should or shouldn't be posted.  Now that he has moved on, I am left to my own devices, which are often faulty.

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FROM THE CATACOMBS OF INFINITE KNOWLEDGE
The north star, Polaris, is not exactly aligned with the north celestial pole, nor will it ever be.    Precessional motion, the 'wobbling' that causes Earth's poles to describe wide circles through space over a 26,000 year period, is currently moving the North Celestial Pole closer to Polaris.  In 2102, Polaris will attain its minimum distance from the North Celestial Pole of 27 arc-minutes.    Then, the North Celestial Pole will slowly shift away from it.
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